Pediatrics Blueprint Exam 5 Practice

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• Movements may accompany absence seizures?
• What is an important teaching point for prednisone in nephrotic syndrome?
• Which condition is characterized by quick, dance-like movements?
• What environmental measures help decrease ICP?
• In Guillain-Barré syndrome, what happens to deep tendon reflexes?
• What urinary findings may occur in Henoch-Schönlein purpura?
• What is secondary enuresis?
• Absence seizures duration best described as?
• Which statement about upper UTI versus lower UTI is true?
• What is priority during a seizure?
• What urine collection method can toilet-trained children use?
• Which procedure is used to obtain CSF for analysis?
• When should emergency treatment begin for prolonged seizure?
• When is myelomeningocele surgically closed?
• Diastatic skull fracture is best described as which?
• Which event commonly precedes acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN)?
• Which elements are important in preventive UTI education for children?
• What are the three GCS components?
• What does a urine specific gravity of 1.035 indicate?
• Which test diagnoses vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)?
• Which statement best differentiates tension headache from migraine according to the definitions provided?
• What does a urine specific gravity of 1.035 indicate in a dehydrated child?
• Which lipid abnormality is commonly seen in nephrotic syndrome?
• Setting-sun sign indicates which of the following?
• Which of the following is a contraindication to performing a lumbar puncture?
• What is the effect of hyperthermia on ICP management?
• How does hemodialysis work?
• Which statement describes hydrocele?
• What does GU stand for?
• What syndrome is indicated by bloody diarrhea followed by pallor, petechiae, and oliguria?
• Low BUN can indicate which of the following?
• The 24-hour maintenance fluid formula for the first 10 kg is:
• Nephrolithiasis refers to which condition?
• What does VUR stand for and mean?
• Gower sign is most commonly associated with which condition?
• What is cryptorchidism?
• Which of the following is a typical finding in nephrotic syndrome?
• What causes neural tube defects?
• Should child be restrained during seizure?
• What is erythropoietin used for in CKD?
• Which finding is more characteristic of nephrotic syndrome than AGN?
• What is the priority after ABC stabilization in pediatric head trauma?
• What vascular access may be used for hemodialysis?
• Which statement about cryptorchidism and cancer risk is true?
• Which of the following describes recommended care for kidney stones?
• What is nephrotic syndrome?
• Which description best matches nephrotic syndrome urine appearance?
• What is the highest Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• How is CKD staged?
• Which symptoms require urgent evaluation?
• What neurologic complications can AKI cause?
• What is the first-line medication for childhood minimal change nephrotic syndrome?
• What is the priority for a newborn with exposed bladder mucosa?
• Intrinsic AKI is best described as?
• Which therapies support functioning in cerebral palsy?
• Which statement best describes the relationship between constipation and UTIs in children?
• What complications of hemodialysis are highlighted?
• What medication is used for nocturnal enuresis?
• Which is a postrenal AKI cause?
• What is the hourly urine output goal for adolescents over 12 per kilogram?
• Which signs may be observed in a UTI for infants?
• Which finding may be seen with spina bifida occulta?
• Calculate the hourly urine output goal for a 6 kg infant.
• For a clean-catch urine sample, which step helps minimize contamination?
• What is the normal urine specific gravity range?
• Can a urine bag sample confirm a UTI in an infant?
• What is a nursing intervention for a child with renal calculi?
• Why does nephrotic syndrome cause edema?
• What is the immediate danger of severe hyperkalemia in a child with acute kidney injury (AKI)?
• Which activities should be minimized with increased ICP?
• Which early findings suggest cerebral palsy?
• Which CP type is most common?
• What age range defines febrile seizures?
• Which statement best describes Guillain-Barré syndrome pathophysiology?
• What important GI complication can HSP cause?
• Which laboratory finding is more characteristic of nephrotic syndrome than nephritic syndrome?
• What is the hourly urine output goal for children ages 1–12 per kilogram?
• What is a screening urinalysis (UA)?
• What is the priority education for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)?
• Does one seizure automatically establish epilepsy?
• Which procedure should be avoided in suspected basilar skull fracture?
• What is a meningocele?
• What GCS score is generally associated with coma?
• What is the immediate management for suspected torsion?
• Which of the following is an older-child sign of hydrocephalus?
• Which condition is defined as twisting of the spermatic cord?
• What is the postictal state?
• Which medication treats spasticity in cerebral palsy?
• When should urine be collected for culture?
• Hemotympanum is defined as which of the following?
• Nephrolithiasis is another term for which condition?
• Which statement best defines torticollis?
• Where is the HSP rash most characteristically located?
• What characterizes migraine?
• What is the primary purpose of a urine culture and sensitivity (C&S) test?
• What is the hallmark urine appearance in nephrotic syndrome?
• What should be done with CSF specimens after lumbar puncture?
• Why is desmopressin used in hematology?
• Kernig's sign is defined as?
• What is the hourly urine output goal for a 5-kg infant?
• What might occur during EEG?
• Which parameter is routinely monitored in management of HUS?
• What serious neurologic complication of AGN is highlighted?
• What is the most common nephrotic syndrome in children?
• Which symptom describes motor tics?
• IgA vasculitis in children commonly presents with palpable purpura on buttocks and legs, arthralgia, and abdominal pain. Which condition is this?
• Which statement about prednisone therapy in nephrotic syndrome is true?
• What causes a seizure?
• Which of the following is NOT an infant sign of hydrocephalus?
• Which imaging modality is non-invasively used to evaluate neurological disorders in children?
• Which combination suggests decreased kidney filtration?
• What is status epilepticus?
• Which reflex findings suggest spastic cerebral palsy?
• Which of the following is not a typical finding of AGN?
• Which lab pattern suggests AKI?
• Age range typical for absence onset?
• What is the most immediately dangerous electrolyte problem in AKI?
• Raccoon eyes are most commonly associated with which injury?
• Which statement best describes signs of meningeal irritation?
• Which statement best describes migraine aura?
• What position protects an open myelomeningocele sac?
• Which osmotic diuretic is used for cerebral edema?
• Can cranberry juice treat an active UTI?
• Rabies is transmitted through?
• Which vaccine is used to prevent meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae?
• How does lesion level affect myelomeningocele disability?
• What is torticollis?
• Which symptoms are most typical of a lower UTI in children?
• What type of enuresis occurs when a child who has been dry resumes bedwetting?
• How is a child positioned for lumbar puncture?
• When do febrile seizures commonly occur?
• Which description defines a depressed skull fracture?
• Which urine color is typical of acute glomerulonephritis?
• What does HUS stand for?
• Gower sign is best described as which of the following?
• Which diagnostic test is used to detect vesicoureteral reflux?
• Which finding is most characteristic of acute glomerulonephritis (AGN)?
• Which of the following is an infant sign of hydrocephalus?
• What is the best positioning to help reduce increased ICP?
• What is the normal BUN range?
• What is the 24-hour maintenance fluid goal for a child weighing 23 kg?
• Which statement best describes essential monitoring in HUS?
• A common pediatric CKD finding?
• Which statement about anencephaly is true?
• Which statement best distinguishes meningocele from myelomeningocele?
• What is a myelomeningocele?
• Which is the benzodiazepine antidote listed?
• What is CVA tenderness?
• How should child be positioned during seizure?
• Which statement describes secondary enuresis?
• Which statement best reflects post-lumbar-puncture care?
• Which components are typically evaluated in a screening urinalysis?
• Which statement best describes primary enuresis?
• Increased serum creatinine suggests what?
• Why use a headache diary?
• Hemotympanum is most commonly associated with injury to which bone region?
• What is the daily maintenance fluid goal for a 12-kg child?
• Creatinine clearance is primarily used to assess what aspect of kidney function?
• Higher VUR grades indicate what?
• Which Glasgow Coma Scale component assesses verbal response?
• Urinary stasis is best defined as which of the following?
• Duchenne muscular dystrophy is characterized by which of the following?
• Which suctioning route is contraindicated with increased ICP?
• When is hypospadias repair typically discussed?
• Why may peritoneal dialysis be preferred for children?
• How should desmopressin be used for nocturnal enuresis in terms of timing?
• Urinary stasis predisposes to infection by which mechanism?
• Which organ system should be considered with congenital ear abnormalities?
• Why are bag urine samples not ideal for confirming UTI in infants?
• What is a tension headache?
• Reye syndrome is associated with which of the following?
• Which statement is NOT true about the classic triad of HUS?
• Which is the initial rescue benzodiazepine for home seizures via buccal or intranasal routes?
• Chordee is best described as which of the following?
• In evaluating neurological disorders, lumbar puncture is considered to be performed when safe. Which option reflects this usage?
• How does desmopressin help with nocturnal enuresis?
• Epispadias is defined as a urethral opening on which side of the penis?
• What vaccines help prevent bacterial meningitis?
• CKD stands for?
• What is the most common cause of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)?
• Which statement best differentiates peritoneal dialysis from hemodialysis?
• What disorder is indicated by palpable purpura on legs, joint pain, and hematuria?
• Creatinine clearance measures what?
• Which vaccine protects against Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis?
• When is hypospadias repair typically discussed?
• In a 24-hour urine collection, which urine is included in the sample?
• When may antiseizure medications be discontinued?
• What urine volume is recorded for a diaper weighing 78 g wet and 48 g dry?
• What nursing care is emphasized for AGN?
• What is the daily maintenance fluid goal for a 23-kg child?
• Which of the following is NOT a nonpharmacologic intervention for enuresis?
• During EEG, which of the following is a typical observation used for monitoring wakefulness?
• What is the most common bacterial cause of pediatric urinary tract infections?
• Brudzinski's sign is defined as?
• How long do typical absence seizures last?
• During VCUG, reflux may be detected during which phases?
• Which monitoring is most useful for a child with renal failure who has increasing weight and edema?
• What is done with the 7 AM void in a 24-hour urine collection?
• What should be assessed after ventricular shunt placement?
• What is the hourly urine output goal for a 10-kg toddler?
• What causes glomerular injury in APSGN?
• Kayexalate is used for what purpose in hyperkalemia?
• What is the purpose of a urine culture and sensitivity (C&S) test?
• What pupil change is a neurological emergency?
• Absence seizures are characterized by?
• Duchenne muscular dystrophy is best described as which?
• Which findings would suggest pyelonephritis?
• Before hypospadias repair, which measure must be avoided?
• What defines Tourette syndrome?
• Which gait changes are typical in Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
• What is the hourly urine output goal for an infant per kilogram of body weight?
• What is prerenal AKI?
• In nephrotic syndrome, edema is primarily due to what mechanism?
• How can constipation contribute to a urinary tract infection?
• What disorder is indicated by backward urine flow on VCUG?
• What is craniosynostosis?
• Chordee is best described as which of the following?
• What disorder is indicated by massive proteinuria, frothy urine, low albumin, and ascites?
• What should a nurse do for a child with hypospadias scheduled for circumcision?
• Which statement best describes meningitis management?
• Which scenario best describes prerenal AKI?
• What precautions are important for children with spina bifida?
• If a diaper gains 25 g, approximately how many milliliters of urine does that indicate?
• What is the characteristic weakness pattern seen in Guillain-Barré syndrome?
• If serum creatinine is elevated with decreased creatinine clearance, this pattern most likely indicates what?
• What is the typical prognosis for anencephaly?
• Which infection commonly precedes typical HUS?
• What is the daily maintenance fluid goal for a 25-kg child?
• What is meningitis?
• Which statement best defines an upper urinary tract infection?
• Which statement best describes CP rehabilitation?
• What is hypospadias?
• Which nonpharmacologic strategy is commonly recommended for enuresis management?
• A child with fever, flank pain, and nausea/vomiting most strongly suggests which condition?
• What is the approximate conversion used for diaper weight gain to urine volume?
• Which of the following is a sign of thrombocytopenia in HUS?
• What is the lowest GCS score?
• Which statement regarding relapse tendencies is true?
• What are major nephrotic syndrome complications?
• What gait is associated with spastic cerebral palsy?
• Guillain-Barré syndrome is best described as which of the following?
• Elevated BUN can indicate which of the following?
• What is anencephaly?
• Tethered cord syndrome symptoms can include which of the following?
• What are priority nursing assessments for AKI?
• Which condition is most likely when a child has cola-colored urine, hypertension, and periorbital edema after a strep infection?
• In AKI management, hyperkalemia can lead to which outcome?
• Why is the first urine discarded when starting a 24-hour urine collection?
• What is primary enuresis?
• What is the daily maintenance fluid goal for a 20-kg child?
• What test is emphasized when genital anatomy is atypical/ambiguous?
• Which describes a comminuted skull fracture?
• What does a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) typically reveal?
• What are increased ICP findings in older children?
• For an infant with a meningocele, which nursing action is essential?
• What is essential after possible rabies exposure?
• Which statement best describes a key post-operative nursing assessment after shunt placement?
• During the clonic phase, which describes?
• Which category of medications may be used in CKD to address complications?
• What are infant findings of hydrocephalus?
• What is the classic triad of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)?
• Low BUN may indicate which of the following?
• Which constellation of findings is typical in AGN?
• What is the 24-hour maintenance fluid formula for 11–20 kg?
• What is chorea?
• Which nonpharmacological epilepsy treatments are listed?
• When should folic acid be started to prevent neural tube defects?
• What does BUN stand for?
• For a 20 kg child, what is the 24-hour maintenance fluid goal according to the given rule?
• Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis typically develops after a Group A streptococcal infection by about how long?
• Paraphimosis is characterized by which of the following?
• A linear skull fracture is defined as which of the following?
• Which syndrome presents with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury following a diarrheal illness?
• Disturbances of mineral balance in CKD commonly lead to what complication?
• What is hydrocephalus?
• What are the classic findings of testicular torsion?
• Dysuria means?
• Which sampling method is most reliable for diagnosing UTI in a non-toilet-trained child?
• Which condition is an intrinsic AKI cause?
• Which pair correctly matches AGN with its typical urine and blood pressure features?
• Most useful routine fluid-balance measure in AGN?
• Which therapy is commonly used to manage anemia in CKD?
• What does micturition mean?
• What are increased ICP findings in infants?
• Bacteriuria means?
• What is the priority for suspected testicular torsion?
• What is the daily maintenance fluid goal for a 10-kg child?
• Which combination most strongly suggests basilar skull fracture?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a nonpharmacological treatment for epilepsy?
• Which condition is defined as a congenital defect exposing the inner bladder lining outside the lower abdominal wall?
• Raccoon eyes refer to which finding?
• Which days constitute the rabies vaccine schedule listed?
• Which statement about movements accompanying absence seizures is accurate?
• Epispadias is defined by a urethral opening on which side of the penis?
• What test records brain electrical activity?
• What is uremia?
• Which statement about physiologic nonretractability of the foreskin in infants is true?
• Which statement about AKI assessment is most accurate?
• Which is NOT a vascular access option for hemodialysis?
• What is the daily maintenance fluid goal for a 7-kg child?
• Which statement correctly describes emergency response when a seizure lasts five minutes or more?
• In the 24-hour maintenance fluid calculation, after the first 10 kg, the next 10 kg contributes how many milliliters to daily maintenance?
• What is a hydrocele?
• In Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which statement best describes the focus of ongoing management?
• How should a 24-hour urine specimen be stored?
• In Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which body systems require ongoing monitoring?
• What is the typical pattern of edema development in nephrotic syndrome?
• What are the two main dialysis types?
• What diet is emphasized for preventing calcium oxalate stones?
• Which statement is true about blood pressure in nephrotic syndrome?
• Which option is a nonpharmacological epilepsy management strategy?
• NOT a common pediatric CKD finding?
• Which statement best describes the role of the listed nursing activities in nephrotic syndrome management?
• What does urethritis mean?
• What does HSP stand for?
• During the tonic phase of a generalized seizure, which occurs?
• What diet principles are listed for AKI?
• What is suspected in a child with fever, dysuria, and flank pain?
• What is the priority complication of Guillain-Barré syndrome?
• Which scenario best describes febrile seizure timing in relation to fever?
• What should be done to prepare for EEG?
• Which symptom is most consistent with testicular torsion?
• How can a reliable urine culture be collected from a non-toilet-trained child?
• Why may IV albumin 25% be prescribed in nephrotic syndrome?
• What is immediate priority in submersion injury?
• Febrile seizures are most commonly seen in which age range?
• Which type of diarrhea is commonly observed with the preceding infection in typical HUS?
• What complication occurs if a child develops hypotension and cramps during hemodialysis?
• In Cushing's triad, which pattern is observed?
• Which statement about seizures and epilepsy is correct?
• Which of the following features is NOT typical of spastic cerebral palsy?
• What is pyelonephritis?
• Which statement is true regarding mouth care during a seizure?
• Concussion is best described as which of the following?
• The primary goal in initial care of an infant with meningocele is to protect the sac from trauma by maintaining which positioning?
• Which are among the common pediatric UTI symptoms?
• What is the daily maintenance fluid goal for a 15-kg child?
• A 7-year-old with a urinary tract infection is most likely to have which organism identified in urine culture?
• What does cystoscopy mean?
• What is the first step in a 24-hour urine collection?
• Uremic frost is described as?
• In myelomeningocele, what is the expected relationship between lesion level and dysfunction?
• Which of the following signs indicates acute kidney injury in HUS?
• Why is a latex-free environment recommended for children with spina bifida?
• Elevated ASO titer suggests?
• What is initial postoperative positioning after ventricular shunt surgery?
• What does anuria mean?
• Which medication is used for anemia in CKD?
• Oliguria means?
• What is bladder exstrophy?
• What are motor tics?
• What constitutes a lower urinary tract infection?
• What is the most common reversible cause of pediatric AKI?
• What disorder is indicated by cola-colored urine, hypertension, and periorbital edema after strep?
• What is testicular torsion?
• How does peritoneal dialysis work?
• Which of the following is a sign of kidney stones in children?
• What hospital drugs are listed for seizure treatment?
• When can oral intake resume after a seizure?
• Which organ systems are commonly affected by Henoch-Schönlein purpura?
• Which statement accurately describes Tourette syndrome?
• Guillain-Barré syndrome primarily involves which part of the nervous system?
• What does a high urine specific gravity suggest?
• What does APSGN stand for?
• What is the functional unit of the kidney?
• Stage 5 CKD corresponds to the most severe reduction in kidney function. Which option represents Stage 5?
• Which statement about home peritoneal dialysis is true?
• Which action during a seizure is not appropriate?
• What happens to complement C3 in typical APSGN?
• What is the priority nursing concern for a child with symptomatic kidney stones?
• What is the 24-hour maintenance formula above 20 kg?
• CSF glucose described for viral meningitis is?
• What is tethered cord syndrome?
• Which specimen is preferred to confirm UTI in infants?
• Poststreptococcal AGN recurrence or minimal change NS relapse?
• Pyuria means?
• When is EMLA applied before lumbar puncture?
• CSF findings that suggest bacterial meningitis are?
• Which statement accurately describes phimosis in infants?
• What activity is restricted after orchiopexy?
• Cerebral palsy is best described as which of the following?
• Which urine description is classic for AGN/APSGN?
• What is the earliest key sign of worsening neurological status?
• What is orchiopexy?
• Which statement best describes APSGN pathophysiology?
• Proteinuria means?
• What does cystitis mean?
• Which statement is NOT true about cranberry juice in UTIs?
• What is AGN?
• Which food is NOT high in oxalate?
• Which toxin is produced by the organism most commonly linked to typical HUS?
• What should nurse document during seizure?
• What is the priority action when a child with nephrotic syndrome on steroids develops fever?
• What is a major safety concern with desmopressin therapy?
• In infants with suspected UTI, which signs might be present?
• What nursing care is emphasized for nephrotic syndrome?
• What dressing protects an open myelomeningocele?
• Why should nasal instrumentation be avoided in basilar skull fracture?
• What is the hourly urine output goal for a 25-kg school-age child?
• In CKD, nutrition priorities include which of the following?
• Which statement differentiates dystonia from chorea?
• Absence seizures are often mistaken for daydreaming due to which presentation?
• What long-term risks are associated with untreated cryptorchidism?
• Which option lists the four generalized seizure types?
• Which statement about Duchenne muscular dystrophy is true?
• What is microcephaly?
• What is true about the postictal state?
• Creatinine clearance primarily measures which of the following?
• Should objects be inserted into mouth during seizure?
• Postrenal AKI is due to?
• What should caregivers do about an unretractable foreskin?
• What are older-child findings of hydrocephalus?
• Which disorder is characterized by edema and hypoalbuminemia due to heavy protein loss in urine?
• Battle's sign refers to which finding?
• Which statement about Henoch-Schönlein purpura rash is true?
• Which finding is NOT typical of nephrotic syndrome?
• Which action would be least appropriate to manage ICP?
• What are vocal tics?
• What is enuresis?
• Which symptom is commonly associated with kidney stones in children?
• What do higher VUR grades indicate?
• Temperature associated with febrile seizures?
• Which tests evaluate neurological disorders?
• What is the primary treatment for bacterial meningitis?
• Lumbar puncture contraindications include which of the following?
• In CKD dietary management, protein and phosphorus are adjusted based on what?
• Cushing's triad consists of which of the following?
• What does a low urine specific gravity suggest?
• Which statement best describes the function of the glomerulus?
• Which food is high in oxalate and emphasized in prevention discussions?
• Which diuretic is used for nephrotic edema?
• What is the daily maintenance fluid goal for a 30-kg child?
• What is the 24-hour maintenance fluid goal for a child weighing 12 kg?
• What is dystonia?
• In peritoneal dialysis, where does waste removal occur?
• Azotemia is defined as?
• In suspected basilar skull fracture, which airway management approach should be avoided?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a hospital drug for seizure treatment?
• Which signs are typical of the hemolytic anemia component of HUS?
• Which rescue drugs are listed for home seizure management?
• Reye syndrome is associated with which circumstance?
• Duchenne muscular dystrophy typically begins in which period?
• How long are droplet precautions used for bacterial meningitis?
• What is priority care for bladder exstrophy?
• What does AKI stand for?
• Neural tube closure occurs around day after fertilization.
• What should a nurse do after a seizure?
• Which lab value should be monitored to detect safety issues when using desmopressin?
• Which statement best summarizes the relationship between urinary stasis and infection risk?
• Hematuria means?
• Which precautions are important in acute head injury?
• Which statement accurately describes the wound dressing for an open myelomeningocele?
• Which ocular sign is associated with increased ICP in infants?
• What is spina bifida occulta?
• In an infant, which finding can suggest meningitis?
• A urine sample shows a specific gravity of 1.035. This value is best described as:
• What does flank pain refer to?
• What belongs in school seizure action plan?
• What is the daily maintenance fluid goal for an 18-kg child?
• Which of the following is a nonpharmacologic intervention for enuresis?
• Which sign is included in increased ICP findings in infants and refers to the eyes?
• Which combination of findings is most suggestive of meningitis in a patient?
• What is the primary purpose of dialysis in CKD?
• What post-LP position is preferred?
• Which pattern of progression is typical for Guillain-Barré syndrome?